John F. Clauser speaks to reporters on the phone at his home in Walnut Creek, Calif., on Tuesday, Oct. 4, 2022. Three scientists jointly won this year's Nobel Prize in physics on Tuesday, for their work on quantum information science that has significant applications, for example in the field of encryption. Clauser, Alain Aspect of France, and Anton Zeilinger of Austria were cited by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences for discovering the way that particles known as photons can be linked, or “entangled,” with each other even when they are separated by large distances.(AP Photo/Terry Chea)
